This has become possible thanks to its fully established molecular toolkit, with highly efficient PEG-assisted, CRISPR/Cas9 and RNAi transformation and silencing protocols, among others. Importantly, this model organism has a simplified and accessible body structure that facilitates close tracking in time and space with the support of live cell imaging set-ups and multiple reporter lines.
It has been shown that many gene functions and networks are conserved in mosses when compared to angiosperms. patens was the first fully sequenced moss in 2008, with the latest annotated release in 2018. The species Physcomitrium patens has helped gaining better understanding of the biological processes of the plant cell, and it has become a central system to understand water-to-land plant transition through 2D-to-3D growth transition, regulation of asymmetric cell division, shoot apical cell establishment and maintenance, phyllotaxis and regeneration. Mosses are a cosmopolitan group of land plants, sister to vascular plants, with a high potential for molecular and cell biological research.
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